NigelG

Below is a link to my Life Cycle of a Star story:

Below are links and summaries to online articles related to Astronomy! []=.+

The galaxy named speca ison the second spiral. Its galaxy is known to produce large and powerdul jets of subato. "This is probably the most exotic galaxy with a black hole ever seen. It has the potential to teach us new lessons about how galaxies and clusters of galaxies formed and developed into what we see today," said Ananda Hota. Also speca is about 1.7 billion years away from earth. This galaxy and 60 others provide a look of what the universe may have looked like when it was younger. Scientist hope to find galaxy's more like speca so they can do further observations

http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1132/

The Impossible star search A thought to be impossible star has come in to existence. It is made almost hydrogen and helium and has been found in the forbidden zone; Where a widely accepted idea of star formation, meaning that it should never have come into existence in the first place. A star like this can only exist after a super novas explosion. . This is because the heavier elements act as "cooling agents," helping to radiate away the heat of gas clouds in this medium, which can then collapse to form stars.Without these metals, the pressure due to heating would be too strong, and the gravity of the cloud would be too weak to overcome it and make the cloud collapse. Its properties were analyzed and its metals were found to be 20 times smaller than the suns. I think this is a ver important discovery for astronomers because this makes scientist rethink everything of star formations. which can lead a whole new way of understanding that can lead to other maybe much bigger discoverys that we already know now. I think this is an extrordinary find cause this gives us great way to look at everything.

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 * First Stars In The Universe **

The first stars in the galaxy are long gone, but there light still shines. This gives us a peak of what the universe looked like. What the astronomers did was removed the all the light from the closer and better known galaxies that's how they found the faint glow of the first stars. The only reason they are faint is because it is so far away (about 13 billion years away). "So, we're seeing what sometimes people call the first light in the universe, which formed after the big bang," Dr. Moseley explains.Researchers say they were either stars 100x times more massive than our own sun, or enormous black holes. Either way the pictures we found helps get a step closer to understanding how the universe was born. According to modern science now space, time, and matter started 13.7 billion years ago. Few hundred million years later star started to form, thus ending "the dark age''. When we peer into space with a telescope, we are actually looking back in time. Getting the look in the past of how stars were created can give us and idea of how the universe. This very interesting especially how stars were probly so much more massive then the present ones today.

www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/11/111102092929.htm [|Cached]

Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Reveal Surprising Ingredients of early Galaxies

"Astronomers with the Max Planck Institue of astronomers ran by the Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics has used the brief but brilliant light of a distant gamma -ray burst as a probe to study the make up of very distan galaxies." Two new galaxies have been found that contain heavier chemical elements than the sun. these two galaxies ar in the process of merging. After there location has been pinned down they are being studied immediately. Large ground based telescopes that can find visible light and infared afterglows. Astronomers estimate the mini rate of star formation, which has to ber several times higher than our own galaxy. As light from the gamma ray burst passed through the galaxies, the gas acted like a filter, and absorbed some of the light from the gamma- ray burst these faint galaxies would be invisible. It is most likely that the galaxies in the young universe had smaller heavier elements unlike the present day galaxies like the milky way. Knowing something like this tells me how toxic our universe was.

www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/11/111103190356.htm [|Cached] City Lights Could Reaveal E.T. Civilization

In the search for etraterrestrial intelligence,astronomers have hunted for radio signals and ultra-short laser pulses. A man named Edwin Turner suggest a new techniwue in finding aliens: Is to start looking for the aliens city lights. If we are sucessful it would change our understanding of our existence of the universe. Spotting this type of tiny signal require future generations of telescopes.The best telescopes should be able to see the light generated by a tokyo-size metropolist at the distance of the Kuiper Belt. If we have found aliens i wonder what they would look like. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110111133019.htm [|Cached] = Water on Moon Originated from comets  = There has been trace amounts of water found on the moon. This discovery debunked the beleifs held since the return of the first Apollo rocks that the moon was bonedry. Then discovered that water was pretty abundant and ubiquitous. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry, they measured the samples (water signature). What was found is that the water on the moon and earth are different. So what astronomer are finding is that the moon aquired its water from comet impacts. Water on the moon can be a launch pad for further space exploration. I would love to live on the moon. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/10/111020171448.htm Nearby Planets Forming Disk Holds Water for thousands of Oceans ==== "A solar system has been found with a sprawling cloud of water vapor." This type of system formation is like our own. the detection of water sticking to dust grains throughout the planet forming disk would be similar to events in our own solar system evolution." Where over million of years, these dust of grains would then coalease to form comets. These would be the mechanism of planetary bodies. I beleive this means that millions of years from now earth like planets can form. ==== = = www.**nasa**.gov/mission_pages/**asteroids**/**news**/yu55-20111107.html [|Cached] = = = Nasa Captures new imagaes of large astroids passing Earth =

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november 8th an asteroid is passing earth bt closer to the moons Orbit. "The last time a rock this big came passed earth was in 1976. The next known approach of asteroid this size will be in 2028." "The gravitational influence of the asteroid will have no detectable effect on earth. Although the asteroid is in orbit that regularly brings it to the vicinity of Earth, Venus, and Mars." Nasa detects, tracks, and chracterizes asteroid and comets passing close to Earth using ground and space based telescopes. Near Earth Object Observation Program at the Jet Propulsion Labortory in Pasadena, California, commonly called "spaceguard" discovers these objects, characterizes some of them, and plots their orbits to determin if any could be potentially hazardous to our planet. Knowing when events like these is coming close to our planet can give us time to prepare.=====

www.**nasa**.gov/topics/technology/features/**super**-**black**-**material**.html =NASA Develops Super Black Material That Absorbs Light Across Multiple Wavelength Bands=

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NASA engineers have produced a material that absorbs on average more than 99 percent of the ultraviolet, visible, infared, and far infared light that hits and open a new frontier. The nanotech- based coating is a thin layer of multi walled carbon nanotubes. The tiny hollow tubes made pure carbon that is 10,000 times thinner than a strand a of human hair. The team has grown the nanotubes on silicon, silicon nitride, titanium, and stainless, material much like a shag rug. The tiny gaps between the tubes collect and trap background light to prevent it from reflecting off surfaces and interfering with the light that scientist. Because only a small fraction of light reflects off the coating. The human eye and sensitive detectors see the material as black.===== More than 90% of the light Earth monitoring instruments gather comes from the atmosphere, Overwhelming the faint signal they are trying to retrieve. Currently, instruments delvelpers apply black paint to baffles and other components to help prevent stray light from coming in.

= A New Earth found 430 light years away  = A star 15 to 16 million years old has been found at a good distance away. What importance this star brings to us is that a Earth like planet is forming around this star. It is a good distance from the star to form an atmosphere as well. It took billions of years for earth to form perfectly. The earth like planet is about 430 light years away. This futur planet is forming at the same rate our earth did at its younger state. Rocky formats have been seen in future earth and also an outer ice belt forming around it. The star is at perfect age for earth like planets.